Skip to main content

Down Payment Calculator Canada 2026: How Much Do You Need?

Updated

Canada’s down payment rules are more nuanced than most buyers realize. The minimum isn’t a flat 5% — it’s 5% on the first $500,000 and 10% on the portion between $500,001 and $999,999. Once you hit $1 million, the minimum jumps to 20%. On top of the down payment, any purchase with less than 20% down requires CMHC mortgage insurance, which adds 2.8–4.0% to your mortgage balance. That insurance protects the lender, not you, but it’s what makes low-down-payment homeownership possible in Canada. The tables below calculate exactly what you need for every price point.

Minimum Down Payment Requirements

Purchase PriceMinimum Down Payment
$500,000 or less5% of purchase price
$500,001 - $999,9995% on first $500K + 10% on remainder
$1,000,000+20% minimum

Down Payment Calculator

Example Calculations

Home PriceCalculationMinimum Down Payment
$400,000$400,000 × 5%$20,000
$500,000$500,000 × 5%$25,000
$600,000($500K × 5%) + ($100K × 10%)$35,000
$750,000($500K × 5%) + ($250K × 10%)$50,000
$900,000($500K × 5%) + ($400K × 10%)$65,000
$1,000,000$1,000,000 × 20%$200,000
$1,200,000$1,200,000 × 20%$240,000

CMHC Insurance Costs

CMHC mortgage insurance is the hidden cost that catches first-time buyers off guard. With 5% down on a $500,000 home, the insurance premium is $19,000 — added directly to your mortgage, meaning you’re actually borrowing $494,000 on a $475,000 mortgage. Each 5% increment in down payment reduces the premium rate: from 4.0% at 5% down to 3.1% at 10% to 2.8% at 15%. At 20% down, insurance isn’t required at all. Whether it makes sense to save longer for a larger down payment depends on how fast prices are rising in your market — in hot markets, the appreciation you miss while saving can exceed the insurance cost.

Insurance Rates by Down Payment

Down PaymentInsurance RateOn $500K Mortgage
5%4.00%$20,000
10%3.10%$15,500
15%2.80%$14,000
20%+0% (not required)$0

Total Mortgage with Insurance

Home PriceDown PaymentMortgageCMHC InsuranceTotal Mortgage
$500,0005% ($25,000)$475,000$19,000 (4%)$494,000
$500,00010% ($50,000)$450,000$13,950 (3.1%)$463,950
$500,00015% ($75,000)$425,000$11,900 (2.8%)$436,900
$500,00020% ($100,000)$400,000$0$400,000

Down Payment Impact on Monthly Payments

$500,000 Home at 5.5% Rate (25-Year)

Down PaymentAmountMortgageMonthly PaymentTotal Interest
5%$25,000$494,000$3,044~$419,000
10%$50,000$463,950$2,859~$394,000
15%$75,000$436,900$2,693~$371,000
20%$100,000$400,000$2,465~$340,000

5% vs 20% down: ~$579/month difference, ~$79,000 less interest.

Down Payment Sources

Eligible Sources

SourceAccepted?Notes
Personal savingsYesMost common
Gift from familyYesGift letter required
RRSP (HBP)YesUp to $60,000 (must repay)
FHSAYesUp to full balance
Sale of propertyYesDocumentation needed
Borrowed (secured)SometimesHELOC against another property

Not Accepted

SourceAccepted?Notes
Credit cardNoBorrowed unsecured funds
Personal loanNoBorrowed unsecured funds
Line of creditUsually noFor down payment purposes

Gift Letter Requirements

Document NeedsDetails
Donor’s nameFull legal name
AmountExact gift amount
Required statement“Gift, not a loan, no repayment expected”
RelationshipFamily member
SignaturesDonor and recipient

First-Time Buyer Down Payment Programs

RRSP Home Buyers’ Plan (HBP)

FeatureDetails
Maximum withdrawal$60,000 per person ($120,000 couple)
Tax-freeIf repaid over 15 years
Repayment startsSecond year after withdrawal
Annual repayment1/15 of amount (minimum)

First Home Savings Account (FHSA)

FeatureDetails
Contribution limit$8,000/year, $40,000 lifetime
Tax treatmentDeductible + tax-free growth + tax-free withdrawal
No repaymentUnlike HBP
Can combineWith HBP for larger down payment

Combined Example

SourceAmount
FHSA (2 people)$80,000
HBP (2 people)$120,000
Savings$50,000
Total$250,000

Saving for Your Down Payment

Monthly Savings Needed

TargetTimelineMonthly Savings (0% return)
$25,0002 years$1,042
$50,0003 years$1,389
$75,0004 years$1,563
$100,0005 years$1,667

With 4% Return (FHSA/HISA)

TargetTimelineMonthly Savings
$25,0002 years$1,003
$50,0003 years$1,308
$75,0004 years$1,444
$100,0005 years$1,508

5% vs 20% Down: The Trade-Offs

Reasons for 5% Down

ReasonExplanation
Get into market soonerStart building equity
Low savingsCan’t wait to save more
Rising pricesGet in before prices increase
Investment opportunityKeep cash invested elsewhere

Reasons for 20% Down

ReasonExplanation
Avoid CMHC insuranceSave thousands
Lower monthly paymentsMore comfortable budget
Better rates availableSome lenders offer better rates
More equity bufferProtection against price drops
Avoid stress test on renewalIf switching lenders

Closing Costs (Beyond Down Payment)

CostTypical Amount
Land transfer tax1-2% of price
Legal fees$1,500-2,500
Home inspection$400-600
Title insurance$200-400
Moving costs$500-2,000
Total additional3-5% of purchase price

Budget Example: $500,000 Home

ItemAmount
Down payment (5%)$25,000
Land transfer tax$6,475 (Ontario)
Legal fees$2,000
Home inspection$500
Title insurance$300
Moving$1,000
Total cash needed~$35,275

The Bottom Line

Don’t let the down payment stop you from buying if you’re otherwise ready. Five percent down plus CMHC insurance gets you into the market; combine an FHSA and Home Buyers’ Plan to maximize your down payment tax-efficiently. If you can save 20%, you’ll avoid insurance and lower your payments significantly — but waiting years to save more isn’t always worth it in a rising market.