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What Is a Routing Number in Canada? Transit and Institution Numbers Explained

Updated

Canada does not use the term “routing number” as formally as the United States, but the concept is the same: a series of numbers that identify your bank and branch so that electronic payments can be directed to the right place. In Canada, this information is split into two separate numbers — the transit (branch) number and the institution number.


What Is a Transit Number?

The transit number (also called the branch number) is a 5-digit code that identifies the specific branch of your bank where your account was opened.

  • Example: 00152 identifies a specific TD Canada Trust branch
  • Transit numbers are assigned by the Canadian Payments Association (now Payments Canada)
  • Each physical branch of a bank has its own transit number
  • Online banks (EQ Bank, Tangerine, Simplii) have transit numbers assigned to their virtual headquarters

What Is an Institution Number?

The institution number is a 3-digit code that identifies your bank (financial institution) within the Canadian payments system.

InstitutionNumber
Bank of Montreal (BMO)001
Scotiabank002
Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)003
TD Canada Trust004
National Bank of Canada006
CIBC010
HSBC Canada016
Simplii Financial010 (uses CIBC’s infrastructure)
Tangerine614
EQ Bank623
Desjardins815
Credit unionsVarious (200–899 range)

How the Two Numbers Combine

When you provide banking information for direct deposit or pre-authorized payments, you give:

  1. Institution number (3 digits)
  2. Transit number (5 digits)
  3. Account number (7–12 digits)

On a cheque, these appear in MICR format at the bottom, reading left to right: transit number → institution number → account number.

Example:

  • Transit: 00152
  • Institution: 004 (TD)
  • Account: 1234567

Written together on a void cheque form: 00152-004 followed by your account number.


Canadian vs. US Routing Numbers

This causes confusion because Canadian and US banking systems use different standards.

CanadaUnited States
Domestic routing5-digit transit + 3-digit institution9-digit ABA routing number
Wire transfers (domestic)Transit + institution + account numberABA + account number
International wiresSWIFT/BIC codeSWIFT/BIC code
Interbank code format8 digits (transit + institution)9 digits (ABA)

When a US service asks for your “routing number”

Services like Wise, PayPal, Stripe, and some US employers ask for a “routing number” for Canadian bank accounts. They typically want a 9-digit number formatted as:

0 + 5-digit transit + 3-digit institution

So: 0 + 00152 + 004 = 000152004

This is sometimes called the “EFT routing number” or “paper routing number.” Double-check the format with the specific service — some want 8 digits (no leading zero), others want 9.


Where to Find Your Routing Number

On a cheque

The bottom of a personal cheque contains three numbers in MICR font:

  • The transit number appears first (inside the symbol )
  • The institution number appears second
  • Your account number appears last

In online banking

Every major Canadian bank shows your transit and institution numbers in account details:

  • RBC: Accounts → Account Details → Branch transit and institution numbers
  • TD: Accounts → Manage → Direct Deposit Info
  • BMO: Accounts → Account Details
  • Scotiabank: My Banking → Account Details
  • CIBC: Accounts → Account Details → Void Cheque / Direct Deposit Info
  • Tangerine: Accounts → Account Details (shows transit, institution, and account number)
  • EQ Bank: Accounts → Account Details

Generate a void cheque or direct deposit form

Most banks let you download a direct deposit form (PDF) through their app or online banking. This pre-filled form contains your institution number, transit number, and account number — and is accepted by most employers and the CRA as a substitute for a physical void cheque.


Using Your Routing Information

For payroll direct deposit: Provide your institution number, transit number, and account number to your employer’s HR department, or attach a void cheque to their direct deposit form.

For CRA direct deposit: Set up through CRA My Account or your bank’s online banking CRA direct deposit integration. The same transit, institution, and account number fields apply.

For pre-authorized debits (PADs): Provide the same three numbers when authorizing a company to withdraw from your account (e.g., utility bill payments, insurance premiums). A pre-authorized debit authorization form requires a void cheque or equivalent.

For wire transfers: Domestic wire transfers in Canada use the transit and institution numbers plus your account number. International wire transfers use your bank’s SWIFT/BIC code instead of a routing number — check your bank’s wire transfer instructions for the correct codes.